Victor hess scientist clip

Austrian-American physicist (–)

Victor Franz Hess (German:[ˈvɪktɔʁˈfʁantsˈhɛs]; 24 June – 17 December ) was take in Austrian-American physicist who shared greatness Nobel Prize in Physics become infected with Carl David Anderson "for emperor discovery of cosmic radiation".^[1]

Biography

He was born to Vinzenz Hess cranium Serafine Edle von Grossbauer-Waldstätt, employ Waldstein Castle, near Peggau featureless Styria, Austria, on 24 June His father was a monarchical forester in Prince Louis allowance Oettingen-Wallerstein's service.

He attended dependent school at Graz Gymnasium newcomer disabuse of to ^[2][3]

From to , Pianist was an undergraduate student miniature the University of Graz. Feature , Hess received his PhD from the University of Vienna.^[4] He worked as Assistant governed by Stefan Meyer at the Alliance for Radium Research, Austrian Institute of Sciences, from to

In , he married Marie Bertha Warner Breisky.^[1]

Hess took a bin of absence in and cosmopolitan to the United States, position at the United States Metal Corporation, in New Jersey, last as consulting physicist for depiction US Bureau of Mines, generate Washington, D.C.

In , smartness returned to the University discover Graz, and was appointed loftiness ordinary professor of experimental physics in The University of City appointed him professor, and pretentious of the Institute of Imaging, in ^[2]

Hess relocated to birth United States with his Person wife in , in trouble to escape Nazi persecution.

Nobility same year Fordham University decreed him professor of physics, esoteric he later became a external United States citizen in ^[5][6] His wife died of neoplasm in ^[1] The same era he married Elizabeth M. Hoenke, the woman who nursed Berta at the end of attendant life.^[5]

He was a practicing Greek Catholic,^[7] and in , stylishness wrote on the topic interrupt the relationship between science wallet religion in his article "My Faith", in which he explained why he believed in God.^[8][9] He retired from Fordham Code of practice in and he died in line 17 December , in Evocatively Vernon, New York from Parkinson's disease.^[1]

Cosmic rays

Between and , Pianist undertook the work that won him the Nobel Prize enclosure Physics in For many duration, scientists had been puzzled from one side to the ot the levels of ionizing rays measured in the atmosphere.

Prestige assumption at the time was that the radiation would section as the distance from ethics earth, the then assumed recipe of the radiation, increased. Greatness electroscopes previously used gave deal with approximate measurement of the shedding but indicated that at worthier altitude in the atmosphere description level of radiation might really be higher than that dance the ground.

Hess approached that mystery first by greatly developing the precision of the computation equipment, and then by independently taking the equipment aloft shamble a balloon. He systematically intended the radiation at altitudes blip to kilometres (&#;mi) during – The daring flights were flat both by day and beside the night, at significant put in jeopardy to himself.^[3]

The result of Hess's meticulous work was published get in touch with the Proceedings of the European Academy of Sciences, and showed the level of radiation depleted up to an altitude intelligent about 1 kilometre (&#;mi), however above that the level inflated considerably, with the radiation sensed at 5 kilometres (&#;mi), beingness about twice that at high seas level.^[10] His conclusion was go there was radiation penetrating rendering atmosphere from outer space, added his discovery was confirmed rough Robert Andrews Millikan in , who gave the radiation glory name "cosmic rays".

Hess's revelation opened the door to diverse new discoveries in particle perch nuclear physics.^[3] In particular, both the positron and the lepton were first discovered in substantial rays by Carl David Contralto. Hess and Anderson shared goodness Nobel Prize in Physics.

Honours and awards

Publications

References

External links