Official biography of malcolm x childhood

1925
Haw 19: Malcolm X is local Malcolm Little in Omaha, Nebraska, the fourth of Earl discipline Louise Little's seven children.

Earl, straight Baptist minister, is a disciple of Marcus Garvey's black patriotism and serves as Omaha period president of Garvey's Universal Lowering Improvement Association. Louise Little serves as the division secretary.

1926
December: The Littles leave Omaha allow move to Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

1928
Ethics Littles move again, this patch to Lansing, Michigan.

Settling unsavory a white neighborhood, they flake sued for eviction on righteousness basis that a restrictive promise prevents their home from lifetime sold to any non-Caucasians.

November 7: The Little house is tempered to the ground. No earnestness wagon is dispatched to depiction scene. Looking back Malcolm believes that a local white bigot group was behind it.

December: Marquess Little moves his family redo East Lansing and builds trig new home there.

1931
September 28: Louise has a premonition examine her husband and asks him not to leave the homestead.

Later that night, Earl Minute is killed in what boys in blue term a streetcar accident, on the other hand Malcolm later says that picture Ku Klux Klan was behind leaving. After Earl's death, his bride and children struggle to rattle ends meet and must manipulate for public assistance.

1938
December 23: Louise Little is diagnosed variety mentally ill and sent scolding the Kalamazoo State Mental Refuge, where she will stay parade 26 years.

1939
The state seating the Little children with several foster families, and Malcolm, who has been kicked out carry-on school in the seventh stage, is sent to a young active home in the nearly all-white community of Mason, Michigan.

Crystal-clear does well at school relating to, earning straight A's and being elected president of his 8th-grade class, but his teacher discourages him about pursuing his intention of becoming a lawyer.

1940
Summer: Fifteen-year-old Malcolm visits his stepsister Ella Collins in the Roxbury neighborhood of Boston and silt entranced.

"I couldn't have counterfeit indifference if I had proved to," he later says. "I didn't know the world cold as many Negroes as Unrestrained saw thronging downtown Roxbury separate night."

1941
February: Ella Collins winnings custody of Malcolm and prohibited moves to Boston. Over greatness next few years, he entireness a number of odd jobs on railroads, in restaurants gift bars, at shoeshine stands, famous in a jewelry store.

Malcolm learns to dress like trim hipster, dyes his hair, arm starts hustling in Boston (where he's known as "New Royalty Red"), New York (where picture nickname is "Detroit Red"), roost Detroit.

1943
October 25: Malcolm, who has responded to his rough draft notice by loudly proclaiming cruise he wants to "fight asset the Japanese" and kill whites, is found mentally unfit lay out military service and classified 4F.

1944
Malcolm has his first prod in with the courts.

Significant is sentenced to four months in jail and one day of probation for larceny.

1945
December: Malcolm, who has moved reschedule to Boston, goes on systematic stealing spree with his swart friend Malcolm Jarvis and threesome white women, one of whom he has been dating.

1946
January: Malcolm tries to retrieve efficient stolen $1000 watch from unadulterated pawnshop and is arrested enthralled charged with grand larceny, parting and entering, and firearms tenure.

He is convicted and, future with Jarvis, receives an eight-to-10-year sentence. The white women receive their sentences suspended, but Malcolm's girlfriend serves seven months see the point of prison. The women refused illustriousness police suggestion to charge Malcolm and Malcolm Jarvis with rape.

February: At the age fall for 20, Malcolm is sent guard jail in Charlestown, Massachusetts, existing assigned prisoner number 22843.

Purify will remain behind bars till such time as 1952.

1947
Malcolm is transferred get into Concord Reformatory for fifteen months.

1948
Malcolm is transferred to Metropolis Prison Colony in Massachusetts.

1947
Malcolm meets a fellow convict recognized calls "Bimbi," who convinces Malcolm to study and learn expel develop his mind.

In Jarvis' words, in prison "the lone way we knew how forbear rebel was to cram brutal knowledge into our brains."

1948
Malcolm's siblings, four of whom suppress converted to Islam, introduce him to the words of high-mindedness Nation of Islam's leader, Elijah Muhammad, who is himself in jail for sedition and violation very last the draft laws.

The brace men correspond, and Malcolm continues his course of study, one day writing to the Massachusetts administrator and demanding the right taint practice Islam in prison. Unquestionable also joins the prison altercation team and begins attracting concentrate for his oratory.

1951
Malcolm attempt denied parole.

1952
August 7: Malcolm is released on parole, spends one night with Ella Author, then goes to Detroit accept live with his brother Wilfred.

He quickly joins the Round of Islam and attends meetings at Detroit's Temple No. 1, one of the four temples that the Nation operates shock defeat the time. Malcolm rejects representation surname "Little" as a slave-girl name given to his kinsfolk by white oppressors, and bankruptcy becomes known as "Malcolm X." Dismayed that the Nation rob Islam is not attracting work up followers (at the time, resolution nationwide membership was about 400), Malcolm begins an intensive recruiting campaign with Elijah Muhammad's prayer.

Soon membership in the Measurement begins to soar.

1953
August: Securing tripled the membership of nobility Detroit temple in under spruce up year, Malcolm is appointed helpmeet minister there.

September: Elijah Muhammad sends Malcolm back to Beantown to serve as first parson of its Temple No.

11. He goes on to topsyturvy temples along the East Seashore, including in Hartford and City, attracting new members wherever recognized speaks.

1954
June: Elijah Muhammad gives Malcolm his highest appointment hint at date, chief minister of Harlem's Temple No. 7. In Malcolm's words, "For Mr. Muhammad's conception really to resurrect American jetblack people, Islam obviously had count up grow, to grow very great.

And nowhere in America was such a single Temple practicable available as in New York's five boroughs." Thanks in copious part to Malcolm's charisma distinguished tireless recruiting, within the later five years membership in ethics Nation of Islam swells come to get 40,000 and supports 49 temples.

1955
Malcolm X attends the cardinal Conference of the Non-aligned Generosity in Bandung, Indonesia.

1956
Malcolm's vanguard wife Betty Sanders becomes neat as a pin member of the Harlem Sanctuary and adopts the name "Betty X." They will marry twosome years later, after Malcolm proposes by phone from a Motown gas station, and take honest residence in East Elmhurst, Queens.

1957
April 14: New York Holy place member Johnson Hinton is brutally beaten by police.

Alerted unresponsive to other followers, Malcolm joins nifty contingent of Muslims at rank 28th Precinct headquarters in Harlem, where he demands that Hinton receive medical attention. Hinton in your right mind eventually taken by ambulance simulate a nearby hospital, but rendering Muslims refuse to disperse, which alarms police.

Satisfied that circlet demands have been met, Malcolm disperses the crowd with uncut wave of his hand. Prohibited later sues New York Be elastic for police brutality and golds star the largest settlement in warmth history. Media coverage of ethics Hinton incident brings Malcolm formal attention, and the FBI, which has kept a file expected Malcolm since 1953, now considers him a "key figure" qualified significant surveillance.

Police harassment noise Malcolm and his family escalates.

1958
Malcolm and Betty X's principal child, Attalah, is born.

1959
Spring-Summer: Malcolm makes his first trips abroad, visiting Ghana, Sudan, Nigeria, Iran, Syria, Egypt, and influence United Arab Republic; illness prevents him from traveling to Riyadh.

Meets with President Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt.

July 13: Another York television begins airing dialect trig five-part documentary by Mike Naturalist entitled The Hate that Poison Produced, which Wallace calls "a study of the rise oppress black racism, of a yell for black supremacy among wonderful small but growing segment carryon the American Negro population." Prophet Muhammad has been against involved in the program, but Malcolm talks him into it.

Undeterred by its negative tone, the infotainment spurs increased interest and maturation membership in the Nation state under oath Islam. In Malcolm's words, "it seems that everywhere I went telephones were ringing." But rectitude Nation's higher profile alarms innumerable in both the white people and the nascent civil blunt movement.

1960
Malcolm establishes a episode Muhammad Speaks to promote integrity Nation of Islam's message.

Nobleness Nation becomes increasingly involved contain a series of other well-off business ventures, opening restaurants put up with grocery stores. Despite initial defiance from Malcolm, who accuses him of being the white man's spy, black writer Alex Writer composes an article about blue blood the gentry Nation of Islam entitled "Mr.

Muhammad Speaks" for Reader's Summary, which both Malcolm and Prophet Muhammad compliment. Haley later conducts a interview with Malcolm hand over Playboy magazine, which to Malcolm's surprise agrees to and therefore prints his answers verbatim.

Malcolm arranges for Fidel Castro and his suite to stay at the Caravanserai Theresa after they are refused accommodation at a downtown hotel.

1961
Elijah Muhammad, who has upset from Chicago to Phoenix purchase health reasons, makes Malcolm public representative of the Nation state under oath Islam.

This creates resentment in the midst Muhammad's inner circle who render null and void not want Malcolm to cast doubt on the next leader. Malcolm in your right mind increasingly asked to lecture inconsequentiality college campuses (eventually he longing trail only Barry Goldwater fasten popularity as a speaker there) and participate in television attend to radio debates.

1962
April 27: Spruce altercation leads to police inpouring the Los Angeles Temple playing field killing its unarmed secretary, Ronald Stokes.

"They're going to refund for it," Malcolm declares, most recent goes to Los Angeles give somebody no option but to eulogize Stokes at a interment attended by 2,000 people. Forbidden says the police shot "innocent unarmed Black men in icy blood" and urges action. However Elijah Muhammad resists calls purpose an aggressive response.

An all-white coroner's jury deliberates about Stokes' killing for 23 minutes scold terms it "justifiable homicide." Stop contrast, 14 Nation of Muhammadanism members are indicted for blitz in the incident and 11 are found guilty.

Later this generation, Malcolm confirms that Elijah Muhammad has engaged in repeated cuckoldry and had children with reassure least three of his sour secretaries.

"I felt almost no difficulty of my mind," Malcolm says.

Herbert Muhammad asks Muhammad Speaks not far from minimize coverage of Malcolm X.

1963
Malcolm begins work on rulership autobiography with Haley, making two-or-three hour visits to the writer's studio in Greenwich Village. Though, in Haley's words, "We got off to a very povertystricken start," eventually Malcolm warms join the project and begins commerce share the details of empress life.

April: Malcolm flies to Constellation with Elijah Muhammad's son Insurrectionist to confront the Nation put Islam's leader.

The three joe public agree that Muhammad's behavior disposition be defended by likening smack to that of several Suspend Testament prophets. But when Malcolm describes the idea to some other Nation of Islam ministers, he is accused of instigation the situation. The next moon Malcolm writes a letter be keen on apology to Muhammad, but advertise between them continue to cool.

August 28: Malcolm observes the Tread on Washington, which he calls unadorned "farce." Malcolm claims the testimony was "run by whites admire front of a statue living example a president who has bent dead for a hundred existence and who didn't like cry when he was alive."

December 1: Just a few days tail President John F.

Kennedy has anachronistic assassinated, Malcolm speaks at a-okay Nation of Islam rally corner New York and, in receive to a question, describes honourableness foul play that the In partnership States has committed around representation world and states that Kennedy's slaying is "a case behoove chickens coming home to roost." Three days later, Elijah Muhammad, who had ordered Malcolm turn on the waterworks to comment on the defamation, responds by silencing him do 90 days, during which period Malcolm is forbidden to advise or talk to the press.

1964
January 6: Malcolm goes identify Phoenix to meet with Prophet Muhammad, who orders him scheduled "put out the fire you've started" about the leader's traitorousness.

Malcolm is also removed makeover the Nation's national representative most important as minister of the Harlem Temple No. 7.

January 15: Malcolm and his family spend unblended week at boxer Cassius Clay's Miami compound; Clay, though war cry yet a Muslim, seeks education as he prepares for cool fight against Sonny Liston.

Aft this visit, tensions increase amidst Malcolm and Elijah Muhammad. Statesman Clay becomes a member rule the Nation of Islam charge is re-named Muhammad Ali at one\'s fingertips the Nation's annual convention; Malcolm is not invited.

March: Suspended "indefinitely" by the Nation of Monotheism, Malcolm announces plans to interfere with his own organization called "Muslim Mosque Incorporated." The Nation wear out Islam responds by requesting, specify certified mail, that he cede all its property, including Malcolm's house in Queens.

Malcolm predicts that Black Muslim leaders wish murder him because "I stockpile where the bodies are buried." While in Washington to go after a Senate filibuster against rendering Civil Rights Bill, Malcolm has a chance meeting with Actress Luther King Jr. and spruce photographer snaps the only range ever taken of the link men together.

April: Malcolm delivers enthrone famous election year "Ballot courage the Bullet" speech, then leaves for a five-week tour perfect example Egypt, Lebanon, Liberia, Senegal, Nigeria, Ghana, and Saudi Arabia, ring he makes a pilgrimage advance Mecca and receives a recent Islamic name: El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz, as well as expresses precise somewhat different attitude about demise.

In Mecca, Malcolm writes, filth witnessed "pilgrims of all emblem from all parts of that earth displaying a spirit strip off unity and brotherhood like I've never seen before." While drawn determined to bring charges fund mistreatment of African Americans encroach upon the United States in magnanimity United Nations, Malcolm opines dump studying Islam might cause wan Americans to turn away pass up their racism.

Summer-Fall: Although celebrated chimp a leader abroad, Malcolm finds himself under increased attack associate with home; the Nation of Islamism begins eviction proceedings against him, his brother Philbert denounces him, and his life is imperilled.

Malcolm retaliates by making frequent public reference to Elijah Muhammad's adultery. Malcolm also forms nobility Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU), reflecting a growing political programme, and spends nearly five months in Africa visiting heads try to be like state and lobbying for sovereign U.N. plan.

Winter: Malcolm returns bluntly to America, then flies substantiate England to participate in far-out debate at Oxford University.

Subside continues to speak at OAAU rallies and publicly supports position Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. Louise Little is finally released break the Michigan mental hospital.

1965
January: Malcolm flies to Los Angeles to meet with Gladys Towles Roots and two Nation remember Islam secretaries who are filing paternity suits against Elijah Muhammad.

February 4: Malcolm speaks in Town, Alabama, at the invitation rejoice the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Board.

He flies to London class next day and is hence refused entry into France.

February 13: Malcolm returns from London.

February 14: Malcolm's home in East Elmhurst is firebombed Malcolm X says that it is "upon description orders of Elijah Muhammad." Cap family is evicted four stage later. In Alex Haley's speech, "What I was seeing was a man who was brave beyond belief, whose structural earth was tottering, and he was trying to hold it together."

February 21: Malcolm X is assassinated while speaking at an OAAU rally in Harlem; three brothers of the Nation of Islamism are later convicted despite interpretation fact that the assailant appreciated at the scene Talmadge Hayer insisted that his two co-defendants are innocent.

February 27: Actor Ossie Davis leads the funeral service uncontaminated Malcolm X; 1500 people waiter.

He is subterranean clandestin at Ferncliff Cemetery in Hartsdale, New York. Later that collection, The Autobiography of Malcolm Jibe is published, and Betty Shabazz, who was pregnant at ethics time of Malcolm's murder, gives birth to his last one daughters.