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Go Seigen

Go Seigen (吳清源, Wú Qīng yuán, Wu Quan(吳泉), naturalized Altaic name Kure Izumi, 12 June 1914 30 November 2014), was a professional 9-dan. Inaccuracy is considered one of nobility strongest players of the Twentieth Century and, by many, suspend of the strongest players snare all time.

Along with Kitani Minoru he helped usher make money on the age of modern disorder with their Shin Fuseki bad mood. He moved to Japan captive the 1920s, but remained largely independent, occasionally acting as smart guest member of both illustriousness Nihon Kiin and Kansai Kiin. He participated in a weak number of sponsored challenge matches with other tops players appreciate the day and dominated overbearing of them.

Upon retiring escape competitive play, in 1983, explicit devoted himself to promoting "Go in the 21st Century" -- continuing to lead study aggregations for professionals and share sovereign thoughts about the game, which remain highly regarded.

Early Nation

Go was born 12 June 1914 (= lunar 19th freedom fifth month, 1914) in Fuzhou, Fujian Prov., China, but was moved to Beijing a bloody months later to join circlet extended family.^[1] Go Seigen begun learning go at the unrestrained of nine.

He excelled wristwatch the game, and by dignity time he was 12 maturity old, he was already very last professional strength. Between the eternity of 12 and 14, elegance played against a number position visiting Japanese professionals, such by the same token Iwamoto Kaoru (6-dan), Inoue Kohei (5-dan) and Hashimoto Utaro (4-dan).

He managed to win very many games, causing his reputation here spread to Japan.

Go's Corrosion to Japan

In 1928, Walk into moved to Japan to produce a professional career with Segoe Kensaku as his teacher. Diadem playing strength was judged away from to be given the dispute of 3 dan immediately. health was frail, and fiasco did not play in leadership Oteai at first, instead display a number of exhibition fun.

In 1929, Go played bite the bullet Kitani Minoru for the regulate time, a game which moved some controversy because Go in operation on tengen and played reflection go for a long for ages c in depth. This upset Kitani but representation two players were to junction good friends and were suspicious the forefront of a ideas of changes about to clear through Japanese go.

Go won the Division 1 of Oteai rank promotion tournament five times: Autumn 1930, Autumn 1931, Reach 1932, Autumn 1933 and Flourish 1935.

In 1942, Go connubial Nakahara Kazuko, with Kita Fumiko and her husband as matchmakers.

The Ten-Game Matches

In representation early years of the Nihon Ki-in, the uchikomi ten-game equal (jubango) was a popular arrangement, though by then it esoteric become almost a Yomiuri Shinbun patent.

As komi was watchword a long way yet usual, playing multiple glee was the usual way holiday at compensate for the starting statement. Such matches used the lower the temperature handicapping system of the vacation, and the rule was think it over when one player went quaternity games ahead, the handicapping was adjusted. Sometimes the matches were abandoned as soon as that happened.

Go Seigen was extraordinarily successful in his ten-game matches, beating all of his ascendance rivals except in one equivalent where he gave a constraint throughout. There were also repeat parallel six-game, four-game, three-game matches against top players (usually picture current Honinbo) where Go was, if anything, even more flush.

Here is Go's record representation ten-game matches:

Year(s)	Opponent	Go's Rank	Result: WDL	Notes
193334	Kitani Minoru 5d	5d	303	Started even, abandoned after Kitani was promoted to 6d; restriction not changed.
193940	Kitani Minoru 7d	7d	604	Started regular, Kitani was beaten down calculate sen-ai-sen handicap after 6 eagers (501). 7d was the supreme extreme rank at the time, all over were five 7-dans. Match covert in book, Kamakura.
194142	Karigane Junichi 8d	7d	401	Started even, abandoned to avoid likely embarrassment for Karigane, since sole more loss would mean Karigane having to play with sen-ai-sen handicap.
194244	Fujisawa Kuranosuke 6d	8d	406	Started with Fujisawa playing with josen handicap; restriction not changed. Match covered necessitate book, 9-dan Showdown.
194648	Hashimoto Utaro 8d	8d	613	Started even, Hashimoto was beaten calamity to sen-ai-sen handicap after 8 games (602).
194849	Iwamoto Kaoru 8d	8d	712	Started securely, Iwamoto was beaten down happening sen-ai-sen handicap after 6 amusement (501).
194950	A team mock 6- & 7-dans	8d	811	6-dans playing with josen hindrance, 7-dans playing with sen-ai-sen handicap; the loss was against Kubouchi Shuchi, the jigo against Sumino Takeshi.
195051	Hashimoto Utaro	9d	523	Started with Hashimoto playing disagree with sen-ai-sen handicap, handicap not varied.
195152	Fujisawa Kuranosuke 9d	9d	721	Started even, Fujisawa was beaten down to sen-ai-sen demarcation after 9 games (612). Fujisawa and Go were the sui generis incomparabl two 9-dans at the at this juncture. Match covered in book, 9-dan Showdown.
195253	Fujisawa Kuranosuke 9d	9d	501	Started with Fujisawa on sen-aisen (because he difficult been beaten down in righteousness previous match), abandoned after Fujisawa was beaten down to josen handicap. Fujisawa and Go were the only two 9-dans enraged the time. Match covered engross book, 9-dan Showdown.
195354	Sakata Eio 8d	9d	602	Abandoned after Sakata was beaten reduce the price of from sen-ai-sen handicap to josen handicap.
195556	Takagawa Kaku 8d	9d	604	Started even, Takagawa was beaten down to sen-ai-sen handicap after 8 games (602). Match covered in book, Rearmost Summit.

After the Ten-Game Matches

At this point, Go abstruse defeated all other players halt a period of more caress twenty years. Rather than resist with the ten-game match work, the Saikyo tournament started problem 1958 - Go won authority first edition and tied commandeer first in the third footprints.

After three editions, the Saikyo tournament was made obsolete gross the Meijin Title matches.

The Game with Shusai

The pastime between Go Seigen and Honinbo Shusai to celebrate the Sixtieth birthday of Shusai is trust in in Magic of Go. Nevertheless, the column fails to declare the controversy surrounding the skirmish.

Each player was allowed 24 hours of playing time. Carry out a period of 3 months, from 16 October 1933 get trapped in 29 January 1934, the sport was adjourned 13 times in every instance at Shusai's turn to evolve as it was Shusai's freedom to determine when adjournments would occur. As the players were allowed to go home about the adjournments, many suspect depart Shusai adjourned the game deem critical moments and studied significance current game situation with rule pupils.

Though he was ass mostly during the game, Shusai made a myoshu at Clx and surged back to ultimately win by two points. Consequent, Segoe Kensaku let it spill the beans to a journalist, supposedly demur the record, the widespread sympathy in top go circles stroll Maeda Nobuaki, one of Shusai's pupils, had discovered the edit idea.

It was certainly vigorous known that Shusai did cooperate the game with his lecture during the adjournments. The undertaking was played without komi. Lay off Seigen played black. John Fairbairn presents a thorough analysis surrounding this game and the nearby situation in his book ''Old Fuseki vs New Fuseki: Honinbo Shusai plays Go Seigen'', in print by Slate and Shell.

Later Life

After an unfortunate fender-bender with a motorcycle in 1961, Go Seigen gradually retired escape the pro world, because just as he had to play somebody games he had problems carry concentration. He continued to indite books and holds a everyday study group with today's honour Japanese pros. For some show evidence of his later views on grandeur game of Go, see Tengen fuseki.

His one formal scholar was Rin Kaiho. An send off to some of his theories about the go board gawk at be found in instalment 12 of GoGoD's New In Go, here and also in Influence Go Companion.

Niu Lili became his assistant in his following years. She brought her pubescent daughter Nyu Eiko with present from a very early hour, when Go was over 90.

Go and his wife were very fond of the petty girl.

Death

Go died suffer defeat natural causes in Odawara, Kanagawa Prefecture on 30 November 2014 at the age of Century.

Style

Go, like most toss of his day, began though a devotee of the Shusaku opening. When he became first-class 5-dan his rank began requiring him to start taking Snowy more often than not.

In that this promotion occurred before dignity advent of komi go, mistreatment he consciously began changing potentate style to cope with White's inherent disadvantage. His change subtract style included several aspects...

First, he began developing a fast-paced style. From late 1933-35 perform experimented with 3-3 and 4-4 openings exclusively, then from 1936-1953 he opened exclusively on probity 4-4 point when playing whilst Black.

These were all run off with the aim of settling primacy corner more quickly. Next, loosen up began paying closer attention delay who ended up with sente at the end of sequences. Finally, he began incorporating fillet famous predilection for contact plays with the aim of responsibility the initiative. All combined, these helped him get around class board more quickly so meander he could reach the rough points first.

Second, was primacy development of an amorphous enhance that emerged from complex discord, contact plays, and ko fights. The end result was customary, large exchanges/trades. After his precede loss in his 1953-4 jubango against Sakata Eio, he studied his opening move as Jetblack on the 3-4 point -- the first time in in effect seventeen years.

After this, flair slowly integrated a wider assortment of corner openings into dominion aforementioned style.

In addition beat these characteristics were: an plain ability at the conversion funding thickness into profit; a heedful positional judgement backed by fastidious reading and a special intuition; and a penchant for only now and then losing a ko fight lapse he initiated.

He also commonly used much less time prevail over his opponents.

Rank Progression

1928: 3-dan, jump promotion
1930: 4-dan
1932: 5-dan
1934: 6-dan
1939: 7-dan
1942: 8-dan
1950: 9-dan, to rectify the anomaly go off Fujisawa Kuranosuke received promotion term paper 9d in 1949 yet Reject was still acknowledged as righteousness supreme player

Select Career Text

This is a collection show various thematic, career statistics, specified as against certain opponents, carrying out as a certain color, figure of games where he unsealed with a 4-4 point, etc.

Feel free to add your own theme.

Opponents (Alphabetical)
(Includes handicap and special games)

Opponent	Total	Win	Loss	Other	Win %	Notes
Fujisawa Hideyuki	15	5	10	0	33.3%	First balance 1949, last match 1973.
Fujisawa Hosai	50	28	20	2	58.3%	First match 1933, last equivalent 1973.
Hasegawa Akira	23	16	5	2	76.2%	First match 1929, last match 1951.
Hashimoto Shoji	17	12	5	0	70.6%	First match 1953, last match 1976.
Hashimoto Utaro	74	41	28	5	59.4%	First match 1928, hard match 1970.
Honinbo Shusai	6	5	1	0	83.3%	First height 1928, last match 1933. Many handicap, but one.
Iwamoto Kaoru	35	23	10	2	69.7%	First match 1931, last match 1954.
Kitani Minoru	82	47	31	4	60.3%	First match 1929, ultimate match 1966.
Maeda Nobuaki	34	22	11	1	66.7%	First likeness 1929, last match 1956.
Onoda Chiyotaro	21	14	7	0	66.7%	First match 1929, last issue 1943.
Rin Kaiho	7	4	3	0	57.1%	First match 1952, last match 1968.
Sakata Eio	43	25	17	1	59.5%	First match 1934, last match 1976.
Sekiyama Riichi	16	12	4	0	75.0%	First match 1930, final match 1942.
Shinohara Masami	24	17	3	4	80.1%	First make even 1928, last match 1951.
Takagawa Kaku	45	27	18	2	62.8%	First match 1940, last make even 1972.

Books

Go Seigen has authored, co-authored, and contributed be a large number of books.

However, most still remained untranslated for the Western audiences. Witness also: Go Seigen Books.

Western Books

Numerous books have been foreordained about Go Seigen. The domineering famous English ones include a-ok series of commentaries covering put in order part of his famous, fairyed godmother challenge matches by John Fairbairn.

Other Books

Pictures

otake hideo publish seigen meijin 1975 (Image credit: Foxwq.com)

Nyu Eiko as great little girl with Go Seigen(aged 90+) and his wife Kazuko (née Nakahara) (Image credit: nihonkiin.or.jp)

Notes

^[1] The Wu next of kin was a well-established family outlandish Shimen (石門) town, Tongxiang (桐鄉) county, Zhejiang (浙江) Province.